Chapter 9
Heredity and Evolution
MCQs
Q 1.: The branch of biology that deals with the study of inheritance of characters is
(A) Cytology
(B) Genetics
(C) Evolution
(D) Molecular biology
Option – B
Q 2.: Which of the following is a recessive trait in garden pea plant
(A) Tall stem
(B) Wrinkled seeds
(C) Coloured seed coat
(D) Round seed
Option – B
Q 3.: An organism with two unlike genes for a trait is called
(A) Heterozygous
(B) Homozygous
(C) Wild variety
(D) Dominant variety
Option – A
Q 4.: The genetic constitution of an organism is called
(A) Genotype
(B) phenotype
(C) Variation
(D) Chromosomes
Option – A
Q 5.: A Mendelian cross between tall pea plants having violet flowers and a short pea plant bearing white flowers produced a progeny of tall plants having violet flowers. What will be genotype of tall, violet parent?
(A) TT WW
(B) Tt WW
(C) TT ww
(D) Tt Ww
Option – A
Q 6.: Change in gene frequency due to accident with no survival advantage is called
(A) Reproductive isolation
(B) Natural selection
(C) Genetic drift
(D) Geographical isolation
Option – C
Q 7.: Mendel conducted his famous breeding experiment by working on
(A) Drosophila
(B) Pisum sativum
(C) Escherichia coli
(D) all of these
Option – B
Q 8.: In which generation does the segregation of allelic phenotype take place?
(A) F0
(B) F2
(C) F1
(D) F3
Option – B
Q 9.: The allele which is unable to express its effect in the presence of another is called
(A) Co-dominant
(B) Dominant
(C) Recessive
(D) Complementary
Option – C
Q 10.: In human beings sex of baby is determined at the time of
(A) Intercourse
(B) Gamete formation
(C) Parturition
(D) Fertilisation
Option – D
Q 11.: Term gene was coined by
(A) Mendel
(B) Johannsen
(C) Morgan
(D) Bateson
Option – B
Q 12.: Gametes contain
(A) Diploid set of chromosomes
(B) Haploid set of chromosomes
(C) Sex chromosomes only
(D) Autosomes only
Option – B
Q 13.: Evolution of eyes in Planaria, Cockroach, Sepia and man is an example of
(A) Divergent evolution
(B) Convergent evolution
(C) Parallel evolution
(D) Directional evolution
Option – B
Q 14.: The presence of which of the following types of organs in two animals indicates that they do not have common ancestor
(A) Analogous organs
(B) Homologous organs
(C) Reproductive organs
(D) Vestigial organs
Option – A
Q 15.: The forelimbs of man, bat, horse and whale are
(A) Vestigial organs
(B) Homologous organs
(C) Analogous organs
(D) None of these
Option – B
Q 16.: The remains of dead animals or plants that lived in the remote part are called
(A) Homologous organs
(B) Analogous organs
(C) Vestigial organs
(D) Fossils
Option – D
Q 17.: The theory ‘origin of species by natural selection’ was given by
(A) Darwin
(B) Lamarck
(C) Morgan
(D) Mendel
Option – A
Q 18.: Which one of the following gasses was absent from the atmosphere of primitive earth
(A) Methane(CH4)
(B) Ammonia(NH3)
(C) Oxygen(O2)
(D) Carbon dioxide(CO2)
Option – C
Q 19.: Which of the following statements is incorrect with respect to variation ?
(A) All variation in a species have a equal chance of survival.
(B) Selection of heritable variations by environmental factors forms the basis of evolutionary process.
(C) Changes in genes result in variations.
(D) Variations are minimum in organisms reproductive asexually.
Option – A
Q 20.: Broccoli, cauliflower, Kale, cabbage, etc. are produced by
(A) Reproductive isolation
(B) Artificial selection
(C) Natural selection
(D) Genetic drift
Option – B
Q 21.: Which of the point is not a point of Darwin’s theory?
(A) Use and disuse of certain structures
(B) Struggle for existence
(C) Survival of the fittest
(D) Natural selection
Option – A
Q 22.: Some dinosaurs had feathers but they did not use them for fight. Birds made use of these feathers to fly. In the context of evolution , the most appropriate explanation for this is
(A) Dinosaurs evolved from birds
(B) Feathers of dinosaurs and birds are homologous structures.
(C) Presence of feathers is a preadaptive feature present in some bird’s ancestors.
(D) The feature has no relation with the evolution of reptiles or birds.
Option – C
Q 23.: Mendel conducted his famous breeding experiments by working on:-
(A) Drosophila
(B) Escherichia coli
(C) Pisum Sativum
(D) All of these
Option – C
Q 24.: Which section of DNA provides information for one protein?
(A) Nucleus
(B) Chromosome
(C) Trait
(D) Gene
Option – D
Q 25.: Which of the following is an example of genetic variation?
(A) One person has a scar but his friend doesn’t
(B) One person is older than the other
(C) Reeta eats meat but her sister Geeta is a vegetarian
(D) Two children have different eye colour
Option – D
Q 26.: In peas, a pure tall (TT) is crossed with a pure short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to pure short plants in F2 generation is:
(A) 1:3
(B) 3:1
(C) 1:1
(D) 2:1
Option – C
Q 27.: Humans have two different sex chromosomes, X and Y. Based on Mendel’s laws, a male offspring will inherit which combination of chromosomes?
(A) Both the X chromosomes from one of its parents
(B) Both the Y chromosomes from one of its parents
(C) Combination of X chromosomes from either of its parents
(D) Combination of X and Y chromosome from either of its parents
Option – D
Q 28.: Which of these is a pair of analogous organ?
(A) Wings of a pigeon and a bat
(B) Forelimbs of a frog and a bird
(C) Forelimbs of a rabbit and a lizard
(D) Leaves of a pitcher plant and a Venus fly trap
Option – A
Q 29.: Miller and Urey performed an experiment to prove the origin of life from organic compounds. The gases they took were:-
(A) Methane, Ethane, Ammonia, Water vapour
(B) Methane, Ethane, Hydrogen, ammonia
(C) Ammonia, Water Vapour, Butane, Hydrogen
(D) Methane, Ammonia, Hydrogen, Water Vapour
Option – D
Q 30.: Two pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2 pink and 1white flower progeny. The nature of cross will be:
(A) Double Fertilization
(B) Self pollination
(C) Cross Fertilization
(D) No fertilization
Option – C
Q 31.: The surprise products formed in experiment conducted by Miller and Urey were:-
(A) Peptides
(B) Amino acids
(C) Nucleotides
(D) Nucleic acids
Option – B
Q 32.: From the list given below select the character which can be acquired but not inherited:
(A) Colour of eyes
(B) Colour of skin
(C) Texture of hair
(D) Size of body
Option – D
Q 33.: What is the probability that the male progeny will be a boy?
(A) 50%
(B) 56%
(C) 47.43%
(D) It varies
Option – A
Q 34.: In humans if gene B gives brown eyes and gene b gives blue eyes, what will be the colour of eyes of the person having combination (i) Bb (ii) BB:
(A) (i) Brown (ii) Brown
(B) (i) Blue (ii) Blue
(C) (i) Blue (ii) Brown
(D) (i) Brown (ii) Blue
Option – A
Q 35.: A zygote which has an X-chromosome inherited from the father will develop into a:
(A) Boy
(B) Girl
(C) X-Chromosome does not determine the sex of a child
(D) Either boy or girl
Option – B
Q 36.: In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green seeds. If a heterozygous yellow seeded plant is crossed with a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green seeded plants would you expect in F1 generation?
(A) 9:1
(B) 3:1
(C) 50:50
(D) 1:3
Option – C
Q 37.: Which of the following statements is not true with respect to variation?
(A) All variations in a species have equal chances of survival.
(B) Change in genetic composition results in variation.
(C) Selection of variants by environmental factors forms the basis of evolutionary processes.
(D) Variation is minimum in in asexual reproduction
Option – A
Q 38.: The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and female gametes are situated on :-
(A) Copies of same (homologous) chromosomes
(B) Two different chromosomes
(C) Sex chromosomes
(D) Any Chromosomes
Option – A
Q 39.: Exchange of genetic material takes place in:
(A) Vegetative reproduction
(B) Asexual reproduction
(C) Sexual reproduction
(D) Budding
Option – C
Q 40.: Two pea plants one with round green seeds (RRyy) and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY) seeds produce F1 progeny that have round yellow (RrYy) seeds. When F1 plants are self pollinated, the F2 progeny will have a new combination of characters. Choose the new combinations from the following:
(i) Round, yellow
(ii) Round, green
(iii) Wrinkled, Yellow
(iv) Wrinkled, green
(A) (i) and (ii)
(B) (i) and (iv)
(C) (ii) and (iii)
(D) (i) and (iii)
Option – B